Robert Falcon Scott, CVO
(6 June 1868 – c. 29 March 1912) was a Royal Navy officer and
explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery
Expedition, 1901–04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova
Expedition, 1910–13. During this second venture, Scott led a party
of five which reached the South Pole
on 17 January 1912, only to find that they had been preceded by Roald Amundsen's Norwegian
expedition. On their return journey, Scott and his four comrades all perished
from a combination of exhaustion, starvation and extreme cold.
The bodies of Scott and his
companions were discovered by a search party on 12 November 1912 and their
records retrieved. Their final camp became their tomb; a high cairn of snow was
erected over it, topped by a roughly fashioned cross. In January 1913, before Terra
Nova left for home, a large wooden cross was made by the ship's carpenters,
inscribed with the names of the lost party and Tennyson's
line from his poem Ulysses:
"To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield", and was erected as a
permanent memorial on Observation Hill,
overlooking Hut Point.
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