UNICEF was created by the United Nations General
Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and
healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II. In 1954,
UNICEF became a permanent part of the United
Nations System and its name was shortened from the original United
Nations International Children's Emergency Fund but it has continued to be
known by the popular acronym
based on this old name.
UNICEF relies on contributions
from governments and private donors and UNICEF's total income for 2008 was
$3,372,540,239. Governments contribute two thirds of the organization's
resources; private groups and some 6 million individuals contribute the rest
through the National Committees. It is estimated that 91.8% of their revenue is
distributed to Program Services. UNICEF's programs emphasize developing
community-level services to promote the health and well-being of children.
UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1965 and the Prince of
Asturias Award of Concord in 2006.
Most of UNICEF's work is in the
field, with staff in over 190 countries and territories. More than 200 country
offices carry out UNICEF's mission through a program developed with host
governments. Seventeen regional offices provide technical assistance to country
offices as needed.
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